Entry requirements

Linear Algebra II. Multivariable analysis. Transform Methods. Mechanics I. Electromagnetism I, Waves and optics. Or equivalent courses.

Learning outcomes

The course should give a familiarity with concepts and working methods that are used within the modern physics, in particular atom and molecular physics. On completion of the course the student shall be able to:

• account for the correspondence principle and its interpretation
• carry out spectroscopic studies of different subjects and interpret the results in quantized units
• carry out elementary theoretical studies and calculations of atoms and molecules from quantum mechanical relations.

Content

Basic quantum physical phenomenon, particles and atomic models: Four particles - one world, black-body radiation, line spectra, Rutherford's atomic model . the photon, photoelectric effect, Compton-dispersion Bohr's atomic model, the Balmer series . particles and waves, probability and uncertainty . One-electron atoms: The Schr�dinger equation, energy eigenvalues wave functions, transitions, fine structure, Grotrian diagrams, hyperfine structure, Zeeman - and Stark effects. Optical spectroscopy on the hydrogen atom. Many-electron atoms: Antisymmetrical wave functions, quantum number sets, the Pauli exclusion principle, Coulomb - and the exchange integrals, the Fermi hole, the central field approximation, electron configurations, periodic system, Slater's rules, the SCF-method, orbital angular momenta, spin, terms, fine structure levels, Hund's rules, Zeeman effect. Gas discharges, generation, detection of X-ray radiation and optical spectroscopy on many-electron atoms. The He-Ne-laser. X-ray spectrum on copper. Diatomic molecules: The electron configuration, the molecular orbital model, variation calculation, energy level diagrams, molecular orbitals, molecular terms, transitions, the Born-Oppenheimer approximation, the Morsepotentialen, vibration and rotational motions. Optical spectra on N2 (emission) and NH3 (absorption).

Instruction

The course is based on experimental discoveries that have relevance for the quantum physics. Parts of the experimental basis is created by teachers and students together during the course through various experimental studies. Central parts of the basic theory are treated during classroom lessons, in the course laboratory and in connection with calculation exercises. Assignments are included.

Assessment

Written or oral and experimental examination at the end of the course.