Biomechanics and Functional Anatomy

Entry requirements

The Basic anatomy 9 credits in semester 1 should be passed.

Learning outcomes

The course should provide such knowledge of the functional anatomy of the locomotive organs that the student in a systematic way be able to analyse and assess reduced stability and/or mobility in the different joints of the body.

KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING

After completed course, the student should be able to: for the module Biomechanics

1. Account for biomechanical and functional anatomic concepts

2. Specify the normal range of movement and normal endfeel of a given joint .

3. Account for how the translatoric and rotatoric stability is maintained in a joint or in a movement segment . Describe what causes the movement-generating respective movement restricting factor when moving a joint/movement segments.

SKILLS AND ABILITY

4. Add up force vectors and apply the concept of force equilibrium in order to calculate an unknown force and divide a vector into it's components when needed

5. Draw and calculate lever arms and torque, and state the torque's rotation direction

6. use the concepts of force equilibrium and moment balance to calculate muscle force and joint force when static equilibrium prevails

7. Use knowledge of translatoric and rotatoric stability to analyse and evaluate reduced stability in a joint or in a movement segment

EVALUATION ABILITY AND ATTITUDES

8. Account for and change the joint load in different training exercises based on a biomechanical argument .

9. Analyse and assess different mobility problems in a joint or in a movement segment. 10. Discuss what difference training in an open respectively closed kinematic chain means for the stability of a joint

Content

The course comprises 6 HE credits and consists of:

Biomechanics

Biomechanical concepts and definitions. Summation of forces and torque. Calculation of muscle force and joint force at static equilibria. Practical training exercises to change load based on a biomechanical argument.

Functional anatomy

The movement axes of different joints and normal movement range. The stabilising structures of a joint and the muscles participating in different movements. Analysis of motion restricting structures in outermost positions of joints and spine. Clinical tests of translatoric and rotatoric stability. Muscle activity, prime movers, muscle strength in different movements in extremities and spine. Open and closed kinematic chains. Practical training exercises related to knowledge of the movement range of joints and the function of different muscles.

Instruction

Teaching is given in the form of lectures, group assignments and practical exercises.

Assessment

Passing the course requires:

Passed written examination that examines aims 1-8. Attendance and passed oral presentation that examines aims 5 and 7. Carried out lectures with practical parts that examine aims 2-4 6-8.

The written examination consists of two parts and each part will be corrected separately. If failing one part the student may resit for an examination of the failed part, so-called residual exam.

Students who have not passed the examination have a right to attend 4 additional examinations (i.e. 5 examinations in total). If special circumstances apply, the programme committee may admit additional examinations. Every time the student participates in an examination counts. Submission of so called blank exam is counted as an examination.