AlphaTrain – AI-Based Train Traffic Control Guided by Economic Principles
(Proposed Master's Thesis Projects in Mathematics from VTI, Spring 2026)
The project aims to develop an AI agent that learns to manage train traffic based on economic and operational objectives, without relying on predefined rules. This is a complex challenge for which there is no simple formula, making AI-based methods particularly suitable.
The agent is trained in a simulated environment using, for example, reinforcement learning, where it gradually improves its performance through interaction with the system. Inspiration can be drawn from systems such as AlphaZero, which mastered complex strategy games through self-play and reward-based optimisation.
By designing the reward function, the agent’s behaviour can be directed according to specific economic principles, such as:
- minimising route length or travel time,
- prioritising according to socio-economic principles,
- balancing punctuality and resource utilisation.
The project is suitable for students with an interest in AI, simulation, economics, and decision-making in complex systems.
About VTI
VTI, the Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, is an independent and internationally recognised research institute in the transport sector. Our main task is to conduct research and development concerning infrastructure, traffic, and transport. We work to continuously improve knowledge about the transport sector, thereby contributing to the achievement of Sweden’s transport policy goals. Learn more at vti.se.