Graham E Budd
Professor in Palaeobiology at Department of Earth Sciences; Palaeobiology
- Telephone:
- +46 18 471 27 62
- E-mail:
- Graham.Budd@pal.uu.se
- Visiting address:
- Geocentrum, Villavägen 16
752 36 Uppsala - Postal address:
- Villavägen 16
752 36 UPPSALA
Download contact information for Graham E Budd at Department of Earth Sciences; Palaeobiology
- Academic merits:
- Docent
Short presentation
My work is centred on the so-called "Cambrian explosion", the rapid appearance of major animal groups in the fossil record some 520 million years ago, with a specialisation in the origin and early evolution of the arthropods. I am also interested in broad-scale evolutionary questions including the evolution of development and the organisms, and patterns of diversification.

Publications
Recent publications
Palaeontology: Straightening out early echinoderms
Part of Current Biology, 2025
Part of Journal of the Geological Society, 2025
- DOI for Vast sediment dispersal in an inland sea: detrital zircon geochronology of the lower Cambrian Mickwitzia Sandstone (southern Sweden) indicates a Timanian source
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Single-cell RNA sequencing of mid-to-late stage spider embryos: new insights into spider development
Part of BMC Genomics, 2024
- DOI for Single-cell RNA sequencing of mid-to-late stage spider embryos: new insights into spider development
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Part of Systematic Biology, p. 223-234, 2024
- DOI for Two Notorious Nodes: A Critical Examination of Relaxed Molecular Clock Age Estimates of the Bilaterian Animals and Placental Mammals
- Download full text (pdf) of Two Notorious Nodes: A Critical Examination of Relaxed Molecular Clock Age Estimates of the Bilaterian Animals and Placental Mammals
Part of EvoDevo, 2024
- DOI for Single-cell sequencing suggests a conserved function of Hedgehog-signalling in spider eye development
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All publications
Articles in journal
Palaeontology: Straightening out early echinoderms
Part of Current Biology, 2025
Part of Journal of the Geological Society, 2025
- DOI for Vast sediment dispersal in an inland sea: detrital zircon geochronology of the lower Cambrian Mickwitzia Sandstone (southern Sweden) indicates a Timanian source
- Download full text (pdf) of Vast sediment dispersal in an inland sea: detrital zircon geochronology of the lower Cambrian Mickwitzia Sandstone (southern Sweden) indicates a Timanian source
Single-cell RNA sequencing of mid-to-late stage spider embryos: new insights into spider development
Part of BMC Genomics, 2024
- DOI for Single-cell RNA sequencing of mid-to-late stage spider embryos: new insights into spider development
- Download full text (pdf) of Single-cell RNA sequencing of mid-to-late stage spider embryos: new insights into spider development
Part of Systematic Biology, p. 223-234, 2024
- DOI for Two Notorious Nodes: A Critical Examination of Relaxed Molecular Clock Age Estimates of the Bilaterian Animals and Placental Mammals
- Download full text (pdf) of Two Notorious Nodes: A Critical Examination of Relaxed Molecular Clock Age Estimates of the Bilaterian Animals and Placental Mammals
Part of EvoDevo, 2024
- DOI for Single-cell sequencing suggests a conserved function of Hedgehog-signalling in spider eye development
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New insights into mesoderm and endoderm development, and the nature of the onychophoran blastopore
Part of Frontiers in Zoology, 2024
- DOI for New insights into mesoderm and endoderm development, and the nature of the onychophoran blastopore
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Evolutionary contingency in lingulid brachiopods across mass extinctions
Part of Current Biology, p. 1565-1572000, 2023
- DOI for Evolutionary contingency in lingulid brachiopods across mass extinctions
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Part of Estonian journal of earth sciences, p. 140-140, 2023
- DOI for When lingulid brachiopods became infaunal(?): Perspectives from the morphological and anatomical information
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Comment on "The lower Cambrian lobopodian Cardiodictyon resolves the origin of euarthropod brains"
Part of Science, 2023
Part of Developmental Dynamics, p. 172-185, 2023
Part of Current Biology, 2022
The evolution of biramous appendages revealed by a carapace-bearing Cambrian arthropod
Part of Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences, 2022
Habitat and developmental constraints drove 330 million years of horseshoe crab evolution
Part of Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, p. 155-172, 2022
A comprehensive study of arthropod and onychophoran Fox gene expression patterns
Part of PLOS ONE, 2022
- DOI for A comprehensive study of arthropod and onychophoran Fox gene expression patterns
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Reassessing a cryptic history of early trilobite evolution
Part of Communications Biology, 2022
- DOI for Reassessing a cryptic history of early trilobite evolution
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Molecular evidence for a single origin of ultrafiltration-based excretory organs
Part of Current Biology, p. 3629-+, 2021
Panarthropod tiptop/teashirt and spalt orthologs and their potential role as "trunk"-selector genes
Part of EvoDevo, 2021
- DOI for Panarthropod tiptop/teashirt and spalt orthologs and their potential role as "trunk"-selector genes
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Animal Phylogeny: Resolving the Slugfest of Ctenophores, Sponges and Acoels?
Part of Current Biology, 2021
The origin and evolution of the euarthropod labrum
Part of Arthropod structure & development, 2021
- DOI for The origin and evolution of the euarthropod labrum
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Part of Arthropod structure & development, 2021
Part of Current Biology, 2021
Part of Development, Genes and Evolution, p. 239-245, 2020
- DOI for Expression of the zinc finger transcription factor Sp6-9 in the velvet worm Euperipatoides kanangrensis suggests a conserved role in appendage development in Panarthropoda
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Impacts of speciation and extinction measured by an evolutionary decay clock
Part of Nature, p. 636-641, 2020
Evolution: Mapping Out Early Echinoderms
Part of Current Biology, 2020
Part of Interface Focus, 2020
- DOI for Survival and selection biases in early animal evolution and a source of systematic overestimation in molecular clocks
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The dynamics of stem and crown groups
Part of Science Advances, 2020
- DOI for The dynamics of stem and crown groups
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The Ediacaran–Cambrian transition: the emerging record from Small Carbonaceous Fossils (SCFs)
Part of Estudios Geologicos, p. 38-40, 2019
Part of Geological Magazine, p. 1708-1714, 2019
Phylogenetic analysis and embryonic expression of panarthropod Dmrt genes
Part of Frontiers in Zoology, 2019
- DOI for Phylogenetic analysis and embryonic expression of panarthropod Dmrt genes
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Caught in the act: priapulid burrowers in early Cambrian substrates
Part of Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences, 2019
Part of Lethaia, p. 133-148, 2019
Part of Journal of Paleontology, p. 1276-1278, 2019
Embryonic expression of priapulid Wnt genes
Part of Development, Genes and Evolution, p. 125-135, 2019
- DOI for Embryonic expression of priapulid Wnt genes
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Modeling durophagous predation and mortality rates from the fossil record of gastropods
Part of Paleobiology, p. 246-264, 2019
The last common ancestor of Ecdysozoa had an adult terminal mouth
Part of Arthropod structure & development, p. 155-158, 2019
Gene expression analysis of potential morphogen signalling modifying factors in Panarthropoda
Part of EvoDevo, 2018
- DOI for Gene expression analysis of potential morphogen signalling modifying factors in Panarthropoda
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Part of Geology, p. 107-110, 2018
History is written by the victors: The effect of the push of the past on the fossil record
Part of Evolution, p. 2276-2291, 2018
- DOI for History is written by the victors: The effect of the push of the past on the fossil record
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Gene Expression Patterns in Brachiopod Larvae Refute the "Brachiopod-Fold" Hypothesis
Part of Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, p. 1-3, 2017
- DOI for Gene Expression Patterns in Brachiopod Larvae Refute the "Brachiopod-Fold" Hypothesis
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Part of Lethaia, p. 467-485, 2017
The origin of the animals and a ‘Savannah’ hypothesis for early bilaterian evolution
Part of Biological Reviews, p. 446-473, 2017
- DOI for The origin of the animals and a ‘Savannah’ hypothesis for early bilaterian evolution
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Part of Developmental Biology, p. 155-164, 2017
Origin and Evolution of the Panarthropod Head - a Deep Time Perspective
Part of Integrative and Comparative Biology, 2017
The Mouth Apparatus Of The Cambrian Gilled Lobopodian Pambdelurion Whittingtoni
Part of Palaeontology, p. 841-849, 2016
The nature of non-appendicular anterior paired projections in Palaeozoic total-group Euarthropoda
Part of Arthropod structure & development, p. 185-199, 2016
Part of Development, Genes and Evolution, p. 69-77, 2016
- DOI for Gene expression analysis reveals that Delta/Notch signalling is not involved in onychophoran segmentation
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Ecological innovations in the Cambrian and the origins of the crown group phyla
Part of Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences, 2016
- DOI for Ecological innovations in the Cambrian and the origins of the crown group phyla
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Part of Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences, 2015
The oldest notostracan (Upper Devonian Strud locality, Belgium)
Part of Palaeontology, p. 497-509, 2015
Aspects of dorso-ventral and proximo-distal limb patterning in onychophorans
Part of Evolution & Development, p. 21-33, 2015
- DOI for Aspects of dorso-ventral and proximo-distal limb patterning in onychophorans
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Fate and nature of the onychophoran mouth-anus furrow and its contribution to the blastopore
Part of Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences, 2015
- DOI for Fate and nature of the onychophoran mouth-anus furrow and its contribution to the blastopore
Ecdysozoan-like sclerites among Ediacaran microfossils
Part of Geological Magazine, p. 1145-1148, 2015
Early animal evolution and the origins of nervous systems
Part of Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences, 2015
Part of Gondwana Research, p. 975-982, 2014
Onychophoran Hox genes and the evolution of arthropod Hox gene expression
Part of Frontiers in Zoology, p. 22, 2014
- DOI for Onychophoran Hox genes and the evolution of arthropod Hox gene expression
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Part of EvoDevo, p. 14, 2014
- DOI for Analysis of the Wnt gene repertoire in an onychophoran provides new insights into the evolution of segmentation
- Download full text (pdf) of Analysis of the Wnt gene repertoire in an onychophoran provides new insights into the evolution of segmentation
The first dorsal-eyed bivalved arthropod and its significance for early arthropod evolution
Part of GFF, p. 80-84, 2014
New perspectives on ancient marine reptiles
Part of Geological Magazine, p. 5-6, 2014
Part of BMC Evolutionary Biology, p. 99, 2013
- DOI for Arthroaspis n. gen., a common element of the Sirius Passet Lagerstatte (Cambrian, North Greenland), sheds light on trilobite ancestry
- Download full text (pdf) of Arthroaspis n. gen., a common element of the Sirius Passet Lagerstatte (Cambrian, North Greenland), sheds light on trilobite ancestry
A sclerite-bearing stem group entoproct from the early Cambrian and its implications
Part of Scientific Reports, p. 1066, 2013
- DOI for A sclerite-bearing stem group entoproct from the early Cambrian and its implications
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Part of Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, p. 743-787, 2013
At the Origin of Animals: The Revolutionary Cambrian Fossil Record
Part of Current Genomics, p. 344-354, 2013
Mesozoic fossil sustainability: synoptic case studies of resource management
Part of GFF, p. 131-143, 2013
Animal Evolution: Trilobites on Speed
Part of Current Biology, 2013
Part of Developmental Biology, p. 224-234, 2013
Part of BMC Developmental Biology, p. 15, 2012
- DOI for Expression of pair rule gene orthologs in the blastoderm of a myriapod: evidence for pair rule-like mechanisms?
- Download full text (pdf) of Expression of pair rule gene orthologs in the blastoderm of a myriapod: evidence for pair rule-like mechanisms?
The lobes and lobopods of Opabinia regalis from the middle Cambrian Burgess Shale
Part of Lethaia, p. 83-95, 2012
Palaeontology: Cambrian nervous wrecks
Part of Nature, p. 180-181, 2012
Deuterostomic Development in the Protostome Priapulus caudatus
Part of Current Biology, p. 2161-2166, 2012
Part of Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, p. 217-260, 2011
Part of BMC Evolutionary Biology, p. 50, 2011
- DOI for Expression of collier in the premandibular segment of myriapods: support for the traditional Atelocerata concept or a case of convergence?
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Expression of myriapod pair rule gene orthologs
Part of EvoDevo, 2011
- DOI for Expression of myriapod pair rule gene orthologs
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Gene expression suggests conserved mechanisms patterning the heads of insects and myriapods
Part of Developmental Biology, p. 64-72, 2011
New anomalocaridid appendages from the Burgess Shale, Canada
Part of Palaeontology, p. 721-738, 2010
Part of BMC Evolutionary Biology, p. 374, 2010
- DOI for Conservation, loss, and redeployment of Wnt ligands in protostomes: implications for understanding the evolution of segment formation
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Part of EvoDevo, 2010
- DOI for Gene expression suggests conserved aspects of Hox gene regulation in arthropods and provides additional support for monophyletic Myriapoda
- Download full text (pdf) of Gene expression suggests conserved aspects of Hox gene regulation in arthropods and provides additional support for monophyletic Myriapoda
Part of Evolution & Development, p. 363-372, 2010
- DOI for Gene expression patterns in an onychophoran reveal that regionalization predates limb segmentation in pan-arthropods
- Download full text (pdf) of Gene expression patterns in an onychophoran reveal that regionalization predates limb segmentation in pan-arthropods
Part of Development, Genes and Evolution, p. 117-122, 2010
- DOI for Head patterning and Hox gene expression in an onychophoran and its implications for the arthropod head problem
- Download full text (pdf) of Head patterning and Hox gene expression in an onychophoran and its implications for the arthropod head problem
The Burgess Shale Anomalocaridid Hurdia and Its Significance for Early Euarthropod Evolution
Part of Science, p. 1597-1600, 2009
The hatching larva of the priapulid worm Halicryptus spinulosus
Part of Frontiers in Zoology, 2009
- DOI for The hatching larva of the priapulid worm Halicryptus spinulosus
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Hatching and earliest larval stages of the priapulid worm Priapulus caudatus
Part of Invertebrate biology., p. 157-171, 2009
Early embryonic development of the priapulid worm Priapulus caudatus
Part of Evolution & Development, p. 326-338, 2008
- DOI for Early embryonic development of the priapulid worm Priapulus caudatus
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Part of Geology, p. 171-174, 2008
Head structure in upper stem-group euarthropods
Part of Palaeontology, p. 561-573, 2008
Part of Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, p. 221-232, 2008
Evidence for Wg-independent tergite boundary formation in the millipede Glomeris marginata
Part of Development, Genes and Evolution, p. 361-370, 2008
A renaissance for evolutionary morphology
Part of Acta Zoologica, p. 1, 2007
Eggs and embryos in Xenoturbella (phyllum uncertain) are not ingested prey.
Part of Dev. Genes Evol., p. 358-363, 2005
Part of JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION, p. 220-228, 2005
Articles, review/survey
Origin and evolution of the panarthropod head: A palaeobiological and developmental perspective
Part of Arthropod structure & development, p. 354-379, 2017
Phylogenomic Insights into Animal Evolution
Part of Current Biology, 2015
The earliest fossil record of the animals and its significance
Part of Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences, p. 1425-1434, 2008
Books
The Baltic Sea: Geology and geotourism highlights
NGO Geoguide Baltoscandia, 2011
Fossils & rocks: geotourism in the central Baltic
NGO Geoguide Baltoscandia, 2011
- Download full text 1 (pdf) of Fossils & rocks: geotourism in the central Baltic
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Collections (editor)
International Congress on Invertebrate Morphology – plenary papers
The Royal Swedish Academy of Science and The Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters, 2010
Conference papers
A morphometric analysis of Hurdia, a dinocaridid from the Burgess Shale, Canada
Part of Lundadagarna i historisk geologi och paleontologi X, 2007
Part of 51st Palaeontological Association Annual Meeting, p. 55, 2007
Part of 51st Palaeontological Association Annual Meeting, p. 98, 2007
Hurdia, a new anomalocaridid from the Burgess Shale and the origin of biramous limbs in arthropods
Part of 51st Palaeontological Association Annual Meeting, p. 29-30, 2007
A bone bed without bones: the Middle Cambrian 'fragment limestone' of Scania, Sweden
2006