(En)Gendering International Development

(En)Gendering International Development

• Articles (You are expected to use the core texts which are seminal for understanding the debates on gender and development and which will also be used throughout the course. The books marked with a * can be bought and those marked as ^ are available as an e-book. It is mandatory to do TWO READINGS PER WEEK from the selection of readings provided for each week. This will also enable you to follow the lectures and participate in the seminars. NOTE- Due to copyright legislation the department cannot provide any copies of the book-chapters. PLEASE NOTE - There are more articles presented under the heading OUTLINE for each lecture than there are books/chapters/articles listed below under this section of the reading list! OUTLINE31st of Aug- 'WEST AND THE REST' (Lecture with seminars)^Rana Kabbani, (1986), Imperial Fictions: Europe Myth's of the Orient, Indiana University Press: Bloomington (pp.1–13 & 67–85). Gyan Prakash (1995). 'Orientalism now'. History & Theory vol. 34, no. 3 (199–212)^Raina Lewis (1996), Gendering Orientalism: Race, Femininity and Representation, London: Routledge, (pp.12–30) (LISTED BELOW)S. Sayyid, (2005), 'Mirror Mirror: Western Democrats, Oriental Despots?, Ethnicities, 5; (30–50)Meyda Yegenoglu (1998), Colonial Fantasies: Towards a Feminist Reading of Orientalism: Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK (Chapter 2, 14–39). Note: For the seminar discussion please bring representations of 'orientalism'- images, short notes, newspaper coverage to discuss the following question: In what ways are Orientalist paradigms reinforced in the contemporary 'global' world?7th September- COLONISING THE 'NATIVE' (Lecture with seminars)This lecture will examine whether imperialism was a 'progressive' intervention in developing societies globally? Did specific colonial policies have a gendered impact? How were constructions of 'backwardness' used strategically to dominate colonial subjects? What was the specific nature of capitalist development in colonized societies and what was the nature of resistance to these? Some examples will be specifically drawn from the Indian sub-continent.Joanna Liddle and Shirin Rai (1998), 'Feminism, Imperialism and Orientalism: The Challenge of the 'Indian Woman' in Women's History Review, Vol.7. No.4, (pp.495–519). Chandra Mohanty, (1988), 'Under Western Eyes: Feminist Scholarship and Colonial Discourses', Feminist Review, 30, (pp.61–88) Nupur Chaudhuri, (1994), 'Memshahibs and their servants in nineteenth century India' Women's History Review, 3:4, (pp. 549–562). Jyoti Puri, (2004) Encountering Nationalism, Blackwell Publishers, (pp.72–110)Anne McClintock (1995), Imperial Leather: Race, Gender, and Sexuality in the Colonial Contest, Routledge:London (pp.1–30). Hyams, Ronald (1990) Empire and Sexuality: The British Experience_ (Manchester, England:Manchester University Press (pp. 1–20)Ann Laura Stoler (2002) Carnal Knowledge and Imperial Power: Race and the Intimate in Colonial Rule, University of California Press (pp.41–79)Mrinalini Sinha (1995) Colonial Masculinity: The "Manly Englishman" and the "Effeminate Bengali" in the Late Nineteenth Century, New York: Manchester University Press, (pp. 1–20). (LISTED BELOW)8th September- 'MOTHER INDIA': 'MOTHER IRELAND'-ANTI-COLONIAL NATIONALIST PROJECTS (Lecture with Seminars)We will look at the development of nationalism, in response to colonialism. In particular we will explore how anti-colonial projects relied on gendered symbolism and how 'domesticity' became a powerful weapon of resistance. We will analyse these discourses through case-studies from India, Ireland, Algeria and Sub-Saharan Africa. Further ReadingSuruchi Thapar-Björkert, Louise Ryan (2002), Mother India and Mother Ireland: Comparative Gendered Dialogues of Colonialism and nationalism in the early 20 century, Women's Studies International Forum, Volume 25, Issue 3, May-June, (pp. 301–313)^Suruchi Thapar-Björkert, (2006), Unseen Faces and Unheard Voices, Women in the Indian Nationalist Movement 1930–1942 (pp.170–216) (LISTED BELOW)Joyce M Chadya, (2003), Mother Politics: Anti-colonial Nationalism and the Woman Question in Africa, Journal of Women's History - Volume 15, Number 3,(pp. 153–157)Cheryl Johnson (1982) Grass Roots Organizing: Women in Anticolonial Activity in Southwestern Nigeria, African Studies Review, Vol. 25, No. 2/3, pp. 137–157Daniele Djamila Amrane-Minne & Farida Abu-Haidar (1999), Women and Politics in Algeria from the War of Independence to Our Day, Research in African Literatures, Vol.30, No.3 (62–77). Clare Midgley (eds) 1998, Gender and imperialism, Manchester, Manchester University Press (you can choose a chapter of your choice). R. Ray, A. C. Korteweg (1999), Women's Movement in the Third World, Identity, Mobilization, and Autonomy, Annual Review of Sociology, August 1999, Vol. 25, Pages 47–7114th Sept- EMERGENCE OF DEVELOPMENT DISCOURSE- FEMINIST CRITIQUES (Lecture with Seminars)The lecture will explore and critique differing perspectives on the nature of development and the concept of the third world. We will analyse how feminist frameworks of WID/WAD/GAD/WCD have challenged conventional thinking of development and made us think about development differently? We will also examine the response of feminists from the South who argue that development processes have perpetuated new modes of neo-colonialism. Shahrashoub Razavi and Carol Miller (1995), From WID to GAD: Conceptual Shifts in the Women and Development Discourse, United Nations Research Institute for Social Development,(UNRISD), http://www.unrisd.org/unrisd/website/document.nsf/0/d9c3fca78d3db32e80256b67005b6ab5/$FILE/opb1.pdf. Shahra Razavi (1997), 'Fitting Gender into Development Instituitions', World Development, Vol.25, No.7, (1111–1125)Diane Elson, (1995), Male Bias in the Development Process, Manchester: Manchester University Press. (pp.1–28) (LISTED BELOW)Marianne Marchand, and J. Parpart, eds (1994) Feminism/Postmodernism/Development, London: Routledge (pp.11–40) (LISTED BELOW)Naila Kabeer, (1994) Reversed realities: gender hierarchies in development thought, New York : Verso. (pp.69–93). (LISTED BELOW)Cecile Jackson & Ruth Pearson eds. (1998) Feminist visions of development: gender, analysis and policy London: Routledge, (pp.1–15). (LISTED BELOW)Chua, Bhavnani & Foran (2000), Women, Culture, Development: A new paradigm for development studies? Ethnic and Racial Studies, Vol. 23, No.5. (LISTED BELOW)Arturo Escobar (1995), Encountering Development: The Making and Unmaking of the Third World, Princeton University Press, Princeton (1–54). Jan Nederveen Pieterse (2000) After Post Development, Third World Quarterly, Vol.21, No.2 (175–191). 15th of Sept- STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT PROGRAMMES (Lecture with seminars)The lecture will evaluate the effect SAP programmes have on the socio/economic/environmental profile of a developing country. It will examine the specific affects of SAPs on women's lives and the 'male bias' inherent in development processes. Michel Chossudovsky, (1998) The Globalisation of Poverty: Impact of IMF and World Bank reforms, Zed: London. (pp.45–72). (LISTED BELOW)Haleh Afshar, & Carolyne. Dennis, (1992) Women and Adjustment Policies in the Third World, London:Macmillan, (pp.46–69). (LISTED BELOW)Pamela Sparr, (ed.) (1994) Mortgaging Women's Lives: Feminist Critiques of Structural Adjustment, Zed Books: London, (pp.165–179) (LISTED BELOW)J. Lugalla: The Impact of Structural Adjustment Policies on Women and Children's Health in Tanzania, Review of African Political Economy, No.63, Vol.22, March 1995. (LISTED BELOW)Nazneen Kanji and Jazdowska, (1993), Structural Adjustment and women in Zimbabwe' in Review of African Political Economy, No.56, (pp.11–26)Vibhuti Patel, 1994, Women and Structural Adjustment in India' in Social Scientist, Vol.22, No.3/4, (pp.16–34). David Kaimowitz and Graham Thiele, (1999), The Effects of Structural Adjustment on Deforestation and Forest Degradation in Lowland Bolivia, World Development Vol. 27, No. 3. (505–520). Noami Klien (2007), The Shock Doctrine: The Rise of Disaster Capitalism, London:Penguin.(pp.149–150) Susan George (2007) Down the Great Financial Drain: How Debt and the Washingtom Consensus destroy development and create poverty, Development, 50 (2), (4–11). 21st of September- HEALTH, POPULATION AND THE STATE (Lecture with Seminars)The lecture will highlight the contentious dynamics between the goals of the state, its population targets, and women's choice and agency. We will look at the issue of health, drawing on some case studies from India, China and Mexico. Mala Sen , (2001), Death by Fire: Sati, Dowry Death and Female Infanticide in Modern India, London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, (pp.1–30) (LISTED BELOW)Shirin Rai, Pilkington and Phizacklea (1992) Women in the Face of Change: Soviet Union, Eastern Europe and China, Routledge: London, (pp.79–105) (LISTED BELOW)Cecile Jackson and Ruth Pearson eds. (1998) Feminist visions of development : gender, analysis and policy London : Routledge, (pp.217–239). Franck Amalric and Tariq Banuri (1994), Population: Malady or Symptom? Third World Quarterly, Vol. 15, No. 4 (pp.691–706)S. Sudha and S. Irudaya Rajan (1999), Female Demographic Disadvantage in India 1981–1991: Sex Selective Abortions and Female Infanticide, Development and Change Vol. 30 (pp.585–618). Amartya Sen (1990) More Than 100 Million Women are Missing, Dec 20, New York Review (pp.61–66). R.L Bhat and Namita Sharma (2006) Mising Girls: Evidence from some North Indian States, Indian Journal of Gender Studies, 13/3 (pp.351–373). Bina Agarwal ed. (1988) Structures of Patriarchy state, community and household in modernising Asia, London:Zed (pp.165–174). 22nd of September- WAR AND GENDERED VIOLENCE(Lecture with seminars)The lecture will critically explore the relationship between development processes and resurgence of ethnic and civil conflict in newly emerging economies. We will examine the political economy of armed conflict. Is the aim of war to win it or to keep it going?^Mary Kaldor(1999), New and Old wars: Organised Violence in a Global Era, Polity Press, (pp.72–95) (LISTED BELOW)Stathis N. Kalyvas (2001) NEW' AND 'OLD' Civil Wars- A Valid Distinction?World Politics 54 (pp.99–118)Ronit Lentin ed.(1997), Gender and Catastrophe, London: Zed Books, (pp.50–64) (LISTED BELOW)Suruchi Thapar-Bjorkert et al (2006), Vol.29, Issue 5, Special Issue, Framing Gendered Identities: Local Conflicts/Global Violence, Women's Studies International Forum, (pp 433–440 and 474–488). (LISTED BELOW)Mats Berdal and David .M Malone (2000), Greed and Grievance: Economic Agendas in Civil Wars, Lynne Rienner (pp.19–43). Richard Dowden (2004), The Rwandan Genocide: How the Press Missed the Story African Affairs , 103, (pp.283–290). Miranda Alison (2004) Women as Agents of Political Violence: Gendering Security Security Dialogue vol. 35, no. 4, December 2004 (pp.447–464)David Keen (1997) A Rational Kind of Madness, Oxford Development Studies, Vol. 25, No. 1, (pp.67–75)28th of September- ENGENDERING DEVELOPMENT; EMPOWERING LIVELIHOODS (Lecture with seminars)This lecture will focus on the concept of 'empowerment' in development studies. What criticisms can be made of the concept of 'empowerment'? Are there gendered differences in the empowerment of men and women?http://www.opendemocracy.net/article/pathways_of_womens_empowermentSaraswati Raju (2005) Gender Technology and Development, Vol.9. No.,2, (pp.253–271). Jan Nederveen Pieterse, (2003) 'Empowerment: Snakes and Ladders', in Bhavnani, K., Foran, J. and Kurian, P (eds.) Feminist Futures: Re-Imagining Women, Culture and Development London: Zed, (pp.112–117)Jane Parpart (2002) 'Lessons from the Field: Rethinking Empowerment, Gender and Development from a Post (Post-?) Development Perspective', in Saunders, K. (ed.) Feminist Post- Development Thought London: Zed, (pp.41–56). (LISTED BELOW)Rowlands, J. (1999) 'Empowerment Examined', in Rowan-Campbell, D. (ed.) Development with Women Oxford: OxfamNaila Kabeer, (1994) Reversed Realities: Gender Hierarchies in Development thought, New York: Verso, (pp. 223–264). The following journals and websites will be useful as an additional resource:JournalsWorld PoliticsDevelopmentDevelopment in PracticeDevelopment and ChangeJournal of International DevelopmentJournal of Development StudiesOxford Development StudiesGender and DevelopmentProgress in Development StudiesWorld DevelopmentThird World QuarterlyWebsitesUseful websites that frequently publish reports and research findings:.http://www.bridge.ids.ac.uk/ BRIDGE, Institute of Development Studieshttp://www.gdrc.org/gender/link-resources.html Women and Development Resources on the Internethttp://www.worldbank.org/gender/ World Bank's 'Gender and Development' Portalhttp://www.undp.org UN Development Programmehttp://www.unifem.org/ UN Development Fund for Womenhttp://home.developmentgateway.org/ 'Development Gateway' World Bankhttp://www.dfid.gov.uk UK Department for International Developmenthttp://www.incore.ulst.ac.uk/cds/ INCORE: Initiative on Conflict resolution and ethnicity)
• Chua, Peter; Bhavnani, Kum-Kum; Foran, John, Women, culture, development: a new paradigm for development studies?, Ingår i: Ethnic and racial studies., vol. 23, nr. 5, 2000, s. 820–841 (Ethnic and Racial Studies, Vol. 23, No.5.)
• Chossudovsky, Michel, The globalisation of poverty: impacts of IMF and World Bank reforms, London, Zed ; Penang : Third World Network (TWN), cop. 1997 (pp 45–72)
• Elson, Diane, Male bias in the development process, 2. ed., Manchester, Manchester University Press, cop. 1995 (pp. 1–28)
• Feminist post-development thought: rethinking modernity, postcolonialism & representation, London, Zed, 2002 (Jane Parpart, Lessons from the Field: Rethinking Empowerment, Gender and Development from a Post Development Perspective, pp 41–56)
• Feminist visions of development: gender, analysis and policy, New York, Routledge, 1998 (* Can be bought.)
• Gender and catastrophe, London, Zed, 1997 (pp 50–64)
• Kabeer, Naila, Reversed realities: gender hierarchies in development thought, London, Verso, 1994 (* Can be bought.)
• Kaldor, Mary, New and old wars: organized violence in a global era., Cambridge, Polity Press in association with Blackwell, 1999 (pp72–95)
• Lewis, Reina, Gendering Orientalism: race, femininity, and representation, London, Routledge, 1996 (pp. 12–35)
• Lugalla, Joe L.P., The impact of structural adjustment policies on women's and children's health in Tanzania, Ingår i: Review of African political economy., 22, 1995, 63, s. 43-53 (From Journal: Review of African Political Economy, Vol 22, No 63, March 1995)
• Marchand, Marianne H.; Parpart, Jane L., Feminism, postmodernism, development, London, Routledge, 1995 (* Can be bought.)
• Mortgaging women's lives: feminist critiques of structural adjustment, London, Zed Books, 1994 (pp 165–179)
• Sen, Mala, Death by fire: sati, dowry death and female infanticide in modern India, London, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2001 (pp 1–30)
• Sinha, Mrinalini, Colonial masculinity: the 'manly Englishman' and the 'effeminate Bengali' in the late nineteenth century, Manchester, Manchester Univ. Press, 1995 (pp. 1–20)
• Thapar-Bjorkert, Suruchi; Morgan, Karen; Yuval-Davis, Nira, Framing gendered identities: local conflicts/global violence, Ingår i: Women's studies international forum: a multidisciplinary journal ..., vol. 29, nr. 5, 2006, s. 433–538 (From journal: Women's Studies International Forum, Vol 29, No 5 Special Issue, 2006, pp 433–440 and 474–488)
• Thapar-Björkert, Suruchi, Women in the Indian national movement: unseen faces and unheard voices, 1930-42, New Delhi ;a Thousand Oaks, Calif. ;a London, SAGE Publications, 2006 (pp. 69–85)
• Women and adjustment policies in the Third World, Basingstoke, Macmillan, 1992 (pp 46–69)
• Women in the face of change: the Soviet Union, Eastern Europe and China, London, Routledge, 1992 (pp 79–105)